Window operator



June 12, 1951 c. JANSEN 2,556,695

WINDOW OPERATOR Filed Sept. 25, 1948 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 IOI I06 I02 I07 CHARLES JANSEN INVENTOR.

ATTORNEY June 12, 1951 c. JANSEN 2,556,695

WINDOW OPERATOR Filed Sept. 25, 1948 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 CHARLES JANSEN INVENTOR.

ATTORNEY June 12, 1951 C. JANSEN 2,556,695

WINDOW OPERATOR Filed Sept. 25, 1948 4 Sheets-Sheet s 74 so s m I /1 :77 CHARLES JANSEN INVEN TOR.

I I BY 1 72/ 7 ATTORNEY Patented June 12, 1951 UNEED STATES OFFECE.

WINDOW OPERATOR Application September 25, 1948, Serial No. 51,170

9 Claims.

The present invention comprises improvements over the inventions disclosed in my copending application, Serial No. 581,604, filed March 8, 1945, for Window Construction. In the construction there disclosed, a window of the type comprising a plurality of panes pivoted on substantially horizontal axes is provided with means operated by a single motion of an operating lever, for first closing the panes and then actuating a combined Weatherstrip and locking bar into a groove in the window frame, reverse motion of the operating handle being effective to first disengage the Weatherstrip from its groove and then to open the panes.

An object of the present invention is to provide improved Weatherstrip and locking means.

Another object is to provide a pane unit constituting a light of the window.

Another object is to provide improved frames for the individual pane units of the window.

Another object is to provide a simplified and improved tilting and locking mechanism.

Still another object is to provide improved actuating means for the tilting and locking mechanism.

Another and further object is the provision of automatically reversible and automatically looking mechanism for the actuating means of the tilting and locking mechanism.

In accomplishing the objects of the present invention, improved Weatherstrip means are provided in the form of a Weatherstrip lip formed integral with the stile member and extending into the window opening beyond the plane of the jamb surface, the latter having a groove along a the base of the lip, in which groove a resilient body such as sponge rubber is located. The Weatherstrip and locking function will be described in connection with the description of the sash member.

In the pane unit of the sash member, channel members are provided for mounting two panes of glass in parallel spaced relation, and trunnion members are provided comprising integrally trunnions and channels adapted to support the pane unit in operative relation to the window frame. These channels extend for the entire height of the pane units and for a short distance across the bottom thereof and have axial movement which is effective at one limit to seal and lock the pane and at the other limit to unseal and unlock the pane and permit tilting thereof.

Tilting and locking mechanism operative upon the trunnion members is provided in the form of a bifurcated rocker arm pivotally mounted upmounted on the shaft.

I on the trunnion and axially fixed relative to the frame. The rocker arm is formed with a diagonal slot into which extends a pin mounted radially in the trunnion. Rocking of the rocker arm first causes axial movement of the trunnion tounseal and unlock the pane, then rotation thereof to tilt the pane. Reverse motion first causes the pane to return to vertical position and then draws the trunnion into sealing and locking relation with the window frame.

Actuating means for the rocker arm are pro vided comprising a rocker bar connected to all the rocker arms in one stile of the window frame. A gang of pulleys is mounted on the lower end of the bar, and another gang is mounted in the lower corner of the. frame. A cable is led around the two gangs of pulleys and to a ratchet mounted in the window sill. Another cable is connected to the upper end of the rocker bar and over pulleys to another ratchet.

The two ratchets are mounted on the main shaft of the window, said shaft extending transversely of the sill. A pin extending radially from said shaft extends into a diagonal slot in a sleeve preferably integrally, pins, extending radially and in opposite directions therefrom and into recesses in either of the ratchets. Rotation of the main shaft first causes axial travel of the sleeve to move its pins from engagement with one ratchet into engagement with the other ratchet, and then causes rotation of the last mentioned ratchet.

A double pawl is pivotally mounted in operative relation to both ratchets, having two arms,

each positioned to engage the teeth of one ratchet I to prevent rotation thereof in one direction, the teeth of the ratchets facing in opposite directions and the pawl being so shaped and mounted that in a position of rest it looks against reverse motion the ratchet which opens the panes, being out of engagement with the other ratchet. The pawl may be manually moved by a handle ex" tending through the sill so as to disengage the opening ratchet and lock against reverse motion the ratchet which closes the panes and seals and locks them in closed position.

Beginning with the window closed and locked, a slight counterclockwise actuation of the main shaft is first necessary, whereupon the pawl will ,by gravity fall out of engagement with the looking ratchet. Clockwise rotation of the main shaft will then kick the sleeve axially, disengaging the pins from the locking ratchet and en- Said sleeve comprises gaging them with the opening ratchet. Rotation of the latter winds the cable connected thereto, drawing down the rocker bar and arms, kicking the trunnions and channels out of looking engagement with the frame and then rotating the trunnion members to tilt and thereby open the panes. The opening of the window may be halted at any point and the pawl in engagement with the opening ratchet will prevent closing. It is understood that in windows of the general type in which the panes are mounted for tilting on horizontal axes, said axes are usually above the center of gravity of the pane so that each pane tends to close by gravity.

To partially close the window, a slight clockwise motion of the main shaft is necessary to permit manual disengagement of the pawl, while counterclockwise motion of the main shaft permits gravity closing of the panes to the desired degree, when the pawl being released reengages the opening ratchet to prevent further closing.

To close and lock the window, the pawl having been disengaged from the opening ratchet as described above, counterclockwise motion of the main shaft permits the panes to assume vertical, closed position. Further counterclockwise motion kicks the sleeve so that its pins engage the closing ratchet, which pulls the rocker bar and arms upwards, first tightening the panes against one another and then kicking the trunnion pin toward the frame, thus drawin the trunnion members in the same direction, so that they pass to the rear of the Weatherstrip lip of the frame, being substantially in parallel contact therewith to seal and lock the window. With the locking cable still under tension the pawl is manually actuated into engagement with the locking ratchet and will remain so engaged until released by further clockwise motion of the main shaft.

Other objects of this invention will in part be obvious and in part hereinafter pointed out. The invention accordingly consists in the features of construction, combination of elements, and arrangements of parts which will be exemplified in the constructions hereinafter described. In the accompanying drawing in which is shown one of the various possible illustrative embodiments of this invention:

Figure 1 is a front elevational view of my improved window, partly in section.

Figure 2 is a section on the line 2-2 of Figure 1.

Figures 3 and 4 are sections on the lines 33 and 4-4 of Figure 2.

Figure 5 is a. section on the line 55 of Figure 4.

Figure 6 is a section on the line 6-8 of Figure 5.

Figure 7 is a fragmentary exploded view of the main shaft and ratchet assembly.

Figure 7A is a front elevational view of a pin disk.

Figure 8 is a section on the lines 8-8 of Figures 1 and 10.

Figure 9 is a section on the line 99 of Figures 1 and 10.

Figure 10 is a section on the line Iii-40 of Figure 9.

Figure 11 is a section on the line ll-ll of Figure 9.

Figure 12 is a side elevation of the rocker bar connecting pin.

Figure 13 is a section on the line i3-l3 of Figure 1.

Figure 14 is a corresponding view of the trunnion members only of Figure 13.

Figure 15 is a top elevational view of a trunnion member.

Figure 16 is a front elevation thereof.

Figure 17 is a detail of a lower corner of a pane unit.

Figure 18 is a section on line Ill-l8 of Figure 17.

Figure 19 is a fragmentary end elevation of a pane unit.

Figure 20 is a side elevation of the vertical molding of the pane unit.

Figure 21 is a front elevation thereof.

Referring now in detail to the drawings, a window frame 30 is illustrated as comprising the hollow metal stile members 3!, 32, and hollow lintel and sill members 33, 34, respectively. Window sash 35, 36, 31, 38, 39 are titlably mounted in frame 313 for rotation about substantially horizontal axes each located above the center of gravity of its sash, so that the sash tends to assume a vertical, closed position by gravity.

The sash 3539 are constituted by pane units 4!] and trunnion members 55.

The pane units 46 are best illustrated in Figures l3, l4 and 17 through 21. Figure 13 shows fragmentarily a pair of adjacent sash 35, 36, including pane units, in order to disclose the operative relationship between such adjacent sash. The pane unit comprises two panes of glass ii, 42 bound together in parallel relation by top and bottom horizontal molding members 43, 44

and vertical molding members 45, the members 43, 24, 45 being of channel construction and each extending in clamping relation along one border portion of the parallel panes 4|, 42. Putty 46 extends between panes 4!, 42 and between the panes and the molding members.

The horizontal channels or molding members 43, 44 have one side wall 4'! of thickened construction. and extending in prolongation thereof beyond the bottom wall 48 of the channel is the lip portion 49.

The end portions of horizontal molding members 43, 44 are formed with recesses 50 extending longitudinally inward therefrom, and a transversely extending slot 5| is formed in. the bottom wall 48 of members 43, 44 inward of an ad- .l'acent recess 50.

The end portions of side walls 52 of vertical molding members 45 are relieved to form tongues extending into the recesses 59.

The members 43, 4d are preferably extruded products while members 45 are preferably aluminum or magnesium castings. A strip of deformable material such as sheet steel or brass extends into slot 5!, thence along bottom wall 48 and in prolongation thereof. In assembling the pane unit, the horizontal members are first applied to the panes. the vertical members are then slid on the panes by sidewise motion which also looks tongues 53 in recesses 50, and the strips 55 are then bent to the full line position of Figure 17 to tie the unit together. The unit evidently may be taken apart very easily for replacement of broken panes.

Sash 3539 further comprise the trunnion members 55, the latter comprising, preferably cast integrally as illustrated, trunnion 51 and pane frame member 58 of channel construction, extending substantially perpendicularly thereto. Member 58 comprises at its lower end a foot member 59 substantially closing the lower end of the channel and constituting a platform for the support of the pane unit 40. Trunnion 51 is formed with a substantially radial threaded hole 60. I

Stile members 3|, 32- are substantially rectangularly tubular. They comprise an outer wall BI facing on the outside of the building, an inher wall 62 facing interiorly thereof, a lamb 83 facing into the window opening, and a rear wall 64 opposite the jamb 63 and relieved by a 1ongitudinalopening 95 through which the various' members to be mentioned hereafter may be placed inside the stile. Rectangular metal ancho-r pads 66 span opening 65 at intervals, and anchor screws 61 pass through pads 66 and wall 64 into the wall 68 of thebuilding'. Screws 81 and 69, the latter to be described hereafter, are applied by a screwdriver entered through the hole in j'amb 83.

Jamb 63' is recessed as at H for the entireheight adjacent front wall 6| for the reception of a rubber or similarly resilient Weatherstrip 12. A lip portion 13 of stile 3lextends in prolongation of the reveal BIA or outer surface of wall BI and past the plane of jamb 93 into the window opening.

Sash 3539 are pivoted in stiles 3i, 32 on the trunnions 51, the latter being rotatably and slidably supported in bearings 14, 15, the two latter being firmly positioned. by their flared necks in walls 6'4, 63 respectively.

Rocker arm 16 is rotatably and slidably mounted on trunnion 51 between'bearings 14, 15. Motion of rocker arm 16 axially of bore 11' by which it is mounted on trunnion 51 is however pre vented by the bearings 14, 15 which act as spacers to prevent such motion relative to stile 3!.

so that relative axial motion. between trunnion and rocker arm as described hereafter results in displacement of the trunnion by the rocker arm.

Rocker arm 16 has a body portion 18 formedwith the diagonal cam slot 19 extending between lines 8.0, 0| separated radially and axially of bore 11 and trunnion 51. The pin 82 partially threaded engages threaded hole 60, extending radially from trunnion 51 intov slot 19. Rocker arm 16 further comprises the arm portions 83, 84 of similar side elevational contour spaced from each other axially of bore 11 of body portion 18 and integral therewith. Portion 84 is a lever, being threaded to receive the threaded portion 85 of connecting pin screw '59, the latter further comprising the pin portion 85, which extends into the hole 81' of rocker bar 88 thereby pivotally connecting each rocker arm 16 to rocker bar 88. The portion 83 acts as a keeper to prevent rocker bar 88 from slipping off the pin portion 86. In all operative positions of rocker arm and rocker bar, the axis of hole 81 is offset horizontally from the axis of trunnion 51 so that ver tical motion of rocker bar 88 results in rocking or rotation of rocker arm 15 about the axis of trunnion 51. Rocker bar 88 is recessed as at 89', Figure 8, so that the rocker bar may partially overlie trunnion 51 as shown in that figure.

Downward motion of rocker bar 88 is accomplished by the cable 90 which is attached to the lower end thereof and led over pulleys 9| in pulley block 92 in sill 34 below stile 3|, cable 90 further being led over pulleys 93 in pulley block 94 attached to the lower end of bar 88, cable 90 further extending from pulley block 92 to stile 32 and is connected to window opening pin Upward motion of rocker bar 88 is accomplished (ill by the cable 98: connected to the upper end thereof and led over pulley 99- in lintel also; ouer pulley I100 in sill. 34: and; connected to wmdowclosing pin IOI. Cable I02 is similarly disposed relative to corresponding mechanism in. stile 32 and is connected to window closing: pin I 03.

Cable actuating mechanism comprises the main shaft I 04 setin bearings I05, I08 in sill 34. Bearing' I 06: is. externally threaded held in place by the nut I101. Pin sleeve.- I.08E is rotatablfy' and slidably mounted on shait. I04 and comprises integrally the pins I89, H 0 extending perpen dicularl y to the axis: thereof. Extending diagonally, that is at an angular inclination to. the

' axis of sleeve. I 08 is. the slot ITH. and the pin H2 Ratchet drums I'I3, II 4 are identical members comprising ratchet teeth I22 facing counter clockwise of Figure 3, however in operative 1 05i! tion as shown in Figure 2 the teeth of ratchet H1 face counterclockwise and those" of ratchet I'I'8 face clockwise. Ratchets H1, H8 are each formed with the holes I23, I24 for the, reception of the pins 95, 91, I0 I I03 respectively. Ratchets H1, H8 are further formed with the rectangular recesses I25, I26 and I21, I28 respectively. for the reception of pins I09, H0 of sleeve I08 as explained hereafter.

The pin disks I29, I are identical except for different diameters of the respective central bores I3I, I32. Disk I29 is rotatably mountedon the larger diameter I33 of main shaft I04, being post tioned against axial-movement by bearing I06 and ratchet drum H4, the pins IOI, I03, pref-crably formed integral with disk I29, extending into holes I23, I24 of ratchet drum H4. Disk I30 is rotatably mounted on the smaller diameter I34 of shaft I04, the pins 95, 91 extending into the holes I23, I24 of ratchet drum H3, and disk I30 being locked'against axial movement by bearing I05 and ratchet drum I I3.

The double pawl I is mounted on the pivot shaft I36 between spacers I31 and further fixedly positioned by setscrew I38, pivot shaft I36 being mounted in sill 34 parallel to main shaft I04. The center of gravity of pawl I35 is far to the right of the axis of shaft I30 in Figure 4, so that by gravity the pawl I35 tends to assume a position of engagement of its upper arm I39 with ratchet H1 to prevent counterclockwise rotation thereof. By actuating shaft I36 however pawl I35 may be moved to a position of engagement of its lower arm I with ratchet H8 to prevent clockwise rotation thereof. 1

To operate the window, commencing with the panes in closed and locked position, clockwise rotation of main shaft I04 is first effective to permit gravity disengagement of pawl arm I40 from ratchet H8, slot II I simultaneously camming pin H2 to move sleeve I08 upward of. Figure 5, disengaging pins I09, H0 from ratchet I I8 and engaging them with ratchet H1. Window opening pins 95, 91 being permanently engaged therewith, draw cables 90, 96' onto drum. H5. These cables, acting over the pulleys 9i, 93 and corresponding mechanism in stile 32', draw down rocker bar 88, swinging rocker arm 16 tothe right of Figure 8. This is first effective to cam pin 82 and trunnion 51 to the right of Figure 9, movin trunnion member 58 to theright of Figure 9 past Weatherstrip lip I3 against theaction of leaf spring I4I to unlock and unseal the window.

"Further clockwise rotation of shaft I04 and downward motion of rocker bar 88 results in clockwise rotation of trunnions 51 to open the window panes, closing being prevented at any time actuation of shaft I04 ceases by the gravity engagement of arm I39 with ratchet III.

To close the window, arm I39 is first disengaged by manual actuationof shaft I36 simultaneously with -a slight clockwise rotation of main shaft I04, after which partial or total closing is achieved by gravity retarded by suitable clockwise pressure on shaft I04. Arm I39 of pawl I35 will reengage ratchet II! as soon as permitted to do so by release of pressure on shaft I36.

To look the window, shaft I38 being actuated counterclockwise to disengage arm I39, counterclockwise rotation of shaft I04 cams pin M2 to move sleeve I08 downward of Figure to en gage pins I09, III) in ratchet H8, and further counterclockwise rotation of shaft Hi4 winds cables 98, I02 onto drum IIB, the cables being effective over pulleys 09, I00 to raise rocker bar 88 and-rocker arm It to the position of Figure 8, pin 82 being drawn leftward to the illustrated position of Figure 9 to draw trunnion member 53 into substantially parallel contact with weatherstrip lip I3 and to the rear thereof, locking the window and sealing the same by compressing rubber strip I2, while spring I II and a corresponding spring in the opposite trunnion mem ber keep the pane unit 40 centered between its trunnion members 58. When the window is locked, arm I40 of pawl I35 is engaged with ratchet II8 by counterclockwise rotation of shaft I36, to prevent rotation of-ratchet drum H4.

It will thus be seen that there is provided a device in which the several objects of this invention are achieved, and which is well adapted to meet the conditions of practical use. As various possible embodiments might Y be made of the above invention, and as various changes might be made-in the embodiments above set forth, it is to be understood that all matter herein set forth or shown in the accompanying drawing is to be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

Whatis claimed is:

1. In a window of the type comprising a pane tiltable about a substantially horizontal axis, the combination with a window frame and a pane tiltably mounted therein on axially slidable trunnions, of a rocker arm pivotally mounted on one of said trunnions within said window frame and fixed against axial movement relative to said frame, said rocker arm being formed with a diagonal slot, a pin mounted in said trunnion and extending into said slot, and means for rotating said rocker arm on said trunnion, whereby said trunnion may be caused first to slide axially in the-direction of said pane and then to rotate to tilt said pane from vertical position, opposite rotation of said rocker arm permitting rotation of said trunnion to return said pane to vertical position and then causing opposite axial motion of said trunnion.

2. In a window according to claim 1 and comprising a plurality of sash, said means comprising a rocker bar pivotally connected to the rocker arm of each sash, a cable connected to said rocker bar, a shaft mounted in said frame, said cable being connected to said shaft, and means for rotating said shaft to draw said cable there onto.

3. In a window according to claim 1 and comprising a plurality of sash, said means comprising a rocker bar pivotally connected to the rocker arm of each sash, a pulley mounted on said bar, a shaft mounted in said frame, a pulley mounted in a corner of said frame, a cable connected to said bar and led over said pulleys to said shaft and'connected thereto, and means for rotating. said shaft to draw said cable thereonto.

i. In a window construction according to claim a second cable connected to the opposite end of said bar and to said shaft, and drums concen trically and rotatably mounted on said shaft, said cables being connected to said shaft through said drums, oppositely facing ratchets operae tively connected to said drums, means for selective interengagement of said shaft with either drum for simultaneous rotation, and pawl means selectively engageable with either ratchet.

5. In a window construction according to claim 4, said pawl means being engaged in a position of rest with one of said ratchets and comprising means for manual actuation into engagement with said other ratchet.

6. In a window construction according to claim 1, said means comprising a cable connected to said rocker arm, a shaft mounted in said frame, said cable being connected to said shaft, and means for rotating said shaft to draw said cable thereonto.

'7. In a window construction of the type comprising a sash pivotally mounted in a frame for rotation about a substantially horizontal axis, the combination with a window frame and a window pane of a pair of trunnion members each comprising in fixed relation a'trunnion and a pane frame member of channel construction extending substantially perpendicularly to said trunnion, said trunnion members being slidably mounted in said frame and being slidable relative to said pane axially of said trunnions, resilient means located in said pane frame members between said trunnion members and said panes, rocker arms pivotally mounted on said trunnions within said window frame and being fixed against axial motion relative to said window frame, said rocker arms being formed with diagonal slots, pins mounted in said trunnions and extending into said slots, and means for causing rotation of said rocker arms.

8. Means for producing successive sliding and tilting motions of trunnions of window panes in windows of the type comprising panes tiltable on substantially horizontal axes, comprising the combination with a window frame stile member of a window pane trunnion revolvably and slide ably mounted in said stile member, a rocker arm revolvably mounted on said trunnion and fixed against axial movement relative to said stile member, said rocker arm being formed with a diagonal slot, a pin mounted in said trunnion and extending into said slot, and means for .rotating said rocker arm.

9. Cable actuating means for an awning type window of the type comprising a hollow window frame, a sash member pivotally mounted therein, and separate cables operatively connected to said sash member for opening and closing same respectively, the combination of a main shaft rotatably mounted in said frame, separate drums for each of said cables, said drums being rotatably mounted on said shaft and a sleeve slidably and rotatably mounted on said shaft and formed 10 REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 483,650 Gross et a1 Oct. 4, 1892 1,904,110 Willmann Apr. 18, 1933 1,922,494 Nelson Aug. 15, 1933 2,199,562 Griffin May 7, 1940 2,272,722 Morin Feb. 10, 1942 2,381,194 Watkins Aug. 7, 1945 2,401,552 Cox June 4, 1946 

